Which of the following is true about a boolean data type?

The boolean data type is specifically designed to represent two distinct states or values, typically referred to as true and false. This binary nature is foundational in computer science, particularly in logic operations, decision-making processes, and control flow structures such as if-else statements.

Understanding the characteristics of boolean values is crucial. Since boolean can only take on two values, it is ideal for situations where binary conditions need to be evaluated. This simplicity makes it efficient for computational logic, allowing for straightforward expression of conditions and logical operations.

The other choices represent characteristics of different data types. For example, decimal numbers pertain to floating-point or integer types, while arithmetic operations are typically associated with numeric data types. A boolean type does not support these operations due to its limited value scope. Lastly, a collection of characters refers to string data types rather than booleans, which focus solely on true or false evaluations.