What is a computer system designed to carry out a specific task called?

A computer system designed to carry out a specific task is referred to as a dedicated system. This type of system is optimized for a singular function, which allows it to perform very effectively for its intended purpose. For instance, a digital watch or a calculator exemplifies dedicated systems since they are built specifically for tasks like timekeeping or performing mathematical calculations.

In contrast, a general-purpose system is built to handle a variety of tasks and can run different applications, making it versatile for multiple uses, such as personal computers and smartphones. On the other hand, networked systems are focused on connectivity between computers to share resources, and distributed systems involve multiple computers working together to achieve a common goal but aren't limited to a single task. Thus, the designation of "dedicated" emphasizes the system's exclusive focus on a particular function, highlighting its efficiency in that area.